What Is Dementia?

Dementia describes a collection of symptoms that affect memory, thinking, language and problem-solving abilities. While often misunderstood as a single condition, dementia actually encompasses over 400 different types of cognitive disorders, with Alzheimer's being the most common. At KYN, we believe in celebrating each person's individuality while providing compassionate, person-centred dementia care that honours their unique journey. Below, we cover the nature of living with dementia, helping families better understand this condition while highlighting the many ways individuals can continue to live fulfilling, meaningful lives with the right support.

Understanding Dementia

Dementia is a term describing a range of neurological conditions that affect the brain. Currently, over 900,000 people in the UK are living well with dementia, each with their own unique experience of the condition. The condition primarily affects older adults, with one in 14 people over 65 experiencing some form of dementia. However, younger-onset dementia can affect individuals under 65, with approximately 70,800 younger people currently navigating life with the condition in the UK.

How Dementia Works

Dementia causes changes to the brain that affect how neurons (brain cells) communicate with each other. This can influence cognitive function, behaviour, and emotional responses in various ways. Different types of dementia affect different parts of the brain in various ways. For example, Alzheimer's is associated with protein deposits that interrupt communication between neurons, while vascular dementia results from changes in blood flow to the brain. Understanding these changes helps us provide better support and create environments where people living with dementia can thrive.

Common Types of Dementia

While there are hundreds of conditions that can cause dementia, four types are most frequently encountered:

Alzheimer's

The most common form, accounting for 60-70% of cases. It often begins with memory changes before affecting other cognitive abilities.

Vascular dementia

The second most common type, caused by changes in blood flow to the brain. Early signs often include differences in planning, organising and decision-making rather than memory.

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)

Characterised by protein deposits called Lewy bodies in brain cells. People with DLB might experience visual perceptions, sleep pattern changes, and varying levels of alertness alongside memory differences.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)

This type often affects younger people (45-65 years) and primarily impacts the frontal and temporal lobes, causing changes in personality, behaviour and language skills. Many people experience "mixed dementia," with features of multiple types simultaneously, highlighting the importance of personalised care approaches.

Recognising the Signs of Living With Dementia

Dementia affects everyone differently, depending on the type of dementia, the individual's personality, and which areas of the brain are affected. Some common signs that might indicate a need for assessment include:

• Memory differences – Particularly with recently learned information or important dates
• Changes in planning and problem-solving – Different approaches to following recipes, managing finances, or tasks requiring sequential steps
• Communication adaptations – Finding new ways to express thoughts or join conversations
• Different perceptions of time and place – A changing relationship with dates, seasons, or surroundings
• Visual and spatial adaptations – Adjustments in judging distance, determining colour or contrast, or recognising objects
• New approaches to organisation – Developing different systems for keeping track of belongings
• Emotional responses – Changes in mood or feelings of uncertainty in unfamiliar situations

Diagnosis and Supportive Approaches

Early diagnosis opens doors to better support and future planning. The diagnosis process typically involves:

• A detailed medical history review
• Cognitive and neuropsychological assessments
• Physical examinations
• Brain imaging (MRI or CT scans)
• Blood tests to rule out other conditions

While there is currently no cure for dementia, many approaches can enhance quality of life and support wellbeing:

• Supportive medication – Certain treatments can improve symptoms for some types of dementia
• Cognitive stimulation therapy – Engaging group activities that nurture mental abilities and memory
• Lifestyle enrichment – Regular physical exercise, mental stimulation, and social connection help maintain cognitive function
• Supportive living environments – Thoughtfully designed spaces that enhance independence and confidence

The KYN Approach to Dementia Care

At KYN, we celebrate each person's unique story, focusing on abilities rather than limitations. Our dementia care approach centres on the whole person – their history, preferences, interests and strengths. We create personalised care plans that honour individual routines and preferences, supporting residents to maintain their independence and dignity. Our beautiful, purpose-designed environments enhance wellbeing, while our compassionate team members build meaningful relationships with each resident. We believe that living with dementia doesn't define a person – it's simply one part of their ongoing life journey. With the right support, understanding and care, individuals living with dementia can continue to experience joy, connection and fulfilment every day. For compassionate, expert dementia care in luxury surroundings that celebrates individuality and promotes wellbeing, enquire with KYN today.